How to remember that Zanamivir and Oseltamivir are Neuro-Aminidase inhibitors for the purpose of USMLE step 1.
Za-NA-mivir and Osel-NA-mivir(oseltamivir)>>>both are Neuro-Aminidase inhibitors.
They inhibit Influenza A and B Neuro-Aminidase(clips off sialic acids, thus aiding in release of virus).
Clinical use: prophylaxis mainly, but may decrease duration of flu symptoms by 2-3 days.
Side effects: nausea and vomiting
COPD medical mnemonic:
emPhysema has letter P (and not B) so Pink Puffer.
chronic Bronchitis has letter B (and not P) so Blue Bloater.
Image source: wikipedia public domain.
USMLE mnemonic for Achalasia.
A-chalasia–>Absence of relaxation.
Both liquid and solids dysphagia–>Barium swallow–>Bird peak–>Tx with Botulinum toxin(for pts who cannot tolerate more invasive procedures), Balloon dilation=Pneumatic dilation(cost effective procedure that provides symptomatic relief).
CCB is another way of Tx. Secondary Achalasia may arise from Chaga’s disease. Achalasia is associated w/ inc risk of esophageal Carcinoma.
Complication:Reflux of food–>aspiration Sx.
BDxT(best Dx test) is manometry showing failure of the LES to relax, as well as the absence of peristaltic waves in the upper esophagus. However endoscopy is required to ensure that there is no malignancy.
Medical mnemonic for cyanotic congenital heart disease: right to left shunts.
Count using your 5 fingers for the 5 T’s:
1 finger : Truncus Arteriosus (1 vessel)
2 fingers : Transposition of the Great Arteries (2 vessels transposed)
3 fingers : Tricuspid Atresia (3=Tri)
4 fingers : Tetralogy of Fallot (4=Tetra)
5 fingers : Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (5=5 words)
USMLE medical mnemonic: Aortic stenosis characteristics.
SAD:
Syncope
Angina
Dyspnea
Aortic stenosis rheumatic, gross pathology
Image source: Wikipedia, public domain.
